Human trafficking can generally be defined as the recruitment, transportation, or receipt of persons, using forms of coercion such as threat or force, fraud, deception, or abuse of power, for exploitation. Exploitation includes, at a minimum, the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, and slavery or practices similar to slavery. In 2022, the International Labor Organization estimated that approximately 28 million individuals are trafficked globally, with 6.3 million experiencing forced sexual exploitation. Nearly four out of every five victims of sex trafficking are girls or women. The Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) contains not only criminal penalties for violations of human trafficking but also provides for a civil private right of action allowing human trafficking victims to sue their perpetrators, or whoever knowingly benefits from participating in a venture that they knew or should have known was a violation of the TVPA, for monetary damages and attorneys’ fees. According to The Human Trafficking Legal Center, since 2003, known verdicts and settlements under the TVPA’s private right of action total over 108 million dollars.